Algorithmic Concepts and Pseudo-Code

1. Sorting Algorithms

Sorting algorithms arrange elements in a specific order. Here's a simple example of the Bubble Sort algorithm:

        
            function bubbleSort(array) {
                let n = array.length;
                for (let i = 0; i < n - 1; i++) {
                    for (let j = 0; j < n - i - 1; j++) {
                        if (array[j] > array[j + 1]) {
                            // Swap if the element found is greater
                            let temp = array[j];
                            array[j] = array[j + 1];
                            array[j + 1] = temp;
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        
    

2. Search Algorithms

Search algorithms find the position of a target element. Here's a binary search example:

        
            function binarySearch(sortedArray, target) {
                let low = 0;
                let high = sortedArray.length - 1;

                while (low <= high) {
                    let mid = Math.floor((low + high) / 2);

                    if (sortedArray[mid] === target) {
                        return mid; // Element found
                    } else if (sortedArray[mid] < target) {
                        low = mid + 1;
                    } else {
                        high = mid - 1;
                    }
                }

                return -1; // Element not found
            }
        
    

3. Graph Algorithms

Graph algorithms operate on graphs. Here's a depth-first search (DFS) example:

        
            function DFS(graph, start, visited) {
                visited[start] = true;
                console.log(start);

                for (let neighbor of graph[start]) {
                    if (!visited[neighbor]) {
                        DFS(graph, neighbor, visited);
                    }
                }
            }
        
    

These examples illustrate basic algorithmic concepts. Depending on the context and problem, algorithmic syntax can vary widely. Explore specific algorithms and their implementations in your preferred programming language for a deeper understanding.

For more detailed information, refer to the official documentation for:

• JavaScript
• Python
• Java